English Vocabulary Cards

Example: “The room was a veritable museum.”

Synonyms: true, real

Antonyms: fake

tenacious

Adjective

Example: “She is a tenacious leader.”

Synonyms: persistent, determined

Antonyms: weak

notorious

Adjective

Example: “The area is notorious for crime.”

Synonyms: infamous, well-known

Antonyms: respected

malicious

Adjective

Example: “The email contained malicious software.”

Synonyms: harmful, evil

Antonyms: benign

idiomatic

Adjective

Example: “This phrase sounds idiomatic in English.”

Synonyms: natural, native-like

Antonyms: unnatural

facsimile

Noun

Example: “The museum showed a facsimile of the letter.”

Synonyms: copy, replica

Antonyms: original

deprecate

Verb

Example: “Developers deprecate old software features.”

Synonyms: criticize, discourage

Antonyms: approve

contagion

Noun

Example: “Schools closed to prevent contagion.”

Synonyms: infection, spread

Antonyms: immunity

austerity

Noun

Example: “The government announced austerity measures.”

Synonyms: strictness, frugality

Antonyms: luxury

apprehend

Verb

Example: “The police apprehended the thief.”

Synonyms: arrest, capture

Antonyms: release

anonymity

Noun

Example: “The platform protects user anonymity.”

Synonyms: namelessness, privacy

Antonyms: identification

amorphous

Adjective

Example: “The plan was still amorphous.”

Synonyms: shapeless, undefined

Antonyms: structured

abhorrent

Adjective

Example: “Racism is abhorrent.”

Synonyms: disgusting, hateful

Antonyms: admirable

verbatim

Adverb

C1Adverb

Example: “He repeated the sentence verbatim.”

Synonyms: word for word, exactly

Antonyms: approximately

rhetoric

Noun

Example: “The speech used powerful rhetoric.”

Synonyms: persuasive speech, oratory

Antonyms: silence

mutinous

Adjective

Example: “The soldiers became mutinous.”

Synonyms: rebellious, disobedient

Antonyms: obedient

maverick

Noun

Example: “He is a maverick in the industry.”

Synonyms: nonconformist, rebel

Antonyms: conformist

innuendo

Noun

Example: “The article was full of innuendo.”

Synonyms: hint, suggestion

Antonyms: direct statement

hitherto

Adverb

C1Adverb

Example: “This method was hitherto unknown.”

Synonyms: until now, so far

Antonyms: from now on

euphoria

Noun

Example: “The victory created euphoria.”

Synonyms: joy, excitement

Antonyms: despair

engender

Verb

Example: “Trust can engender cooperation.”

Synonyms: cause, produce

Antonyms: prevent

artifact

Noun

Example: “The museum displayed an ancient artifact.”

Synonyms: object, relic

Antonyms: natural object

allusion

Noun

Example: “The poem contains an allusion to history.”

Synonyms: reference, hint

Antonyms: direct statement

utilize

Verb

Example: “We utilize data to improve service.”

Synonyms: use, apply

Antonyms: waste

utility

Noun

Example: “This tool has great utility.”

Synonyms: usefulness, value

Antonyms: uselessness

solicit

Verb

Example: “They tried to solicit feedback from users.”

Synonyms: request, ask for

Antonyms: offer

seismic

Adjective

Example: “The region has seismic activity.”

Synonyms: earthquake-related

Antonyms: stable

secular

Adjective

Example: “The school has a secular policy.”

Synonyms: nonreligious

Antonyms: religious

prolong

Verb

Example: “The medicine can prolong life.”

Synonyms: extend, lengthen

Antonyms: shorten

phantom

Noun

Example: “The story is about a phantom.”

Synonyms: ghost, illusion

Antonyms: reality

opulent

Adjective

Example: “They stayed in an opulent hotel.”

Synonyms: luxurious, rich

Antonyms: poor

kinetic

Adjective

Example: “The object has kinetic energy.”

Synonyms: motion-related

Antonyms: static

forlorn

Adjective

Example: “The house looked forlorn.”

Synonyms: lonely, abandoned

Antonyms: cheerful

eminent

Adjective

Example: “She is an eminent scientist.”

Synonyms: distinguished, famous

Antonyms: unknown

diffuse

Verb

Example: “The smell began to diffuse through the room.”

Synonyms: spread, disperse

Antonyms: concentrate

deficit

Noun

Example: “The government has a budget deficit.”

Synonyms: shortage, lack

Antonyms: surplus

consign

Verb

Example: “They consigned the goods to storage.”

Synonyms: deliver, entrust

Antonyms: keep

condone

Verb

Example: “We cannot condone cheating.”

Synonyms: allow, accept

Antonyms: condemn

austere

Adjective

Example: “The room had an austere design.”

Synonyms: plain, severe

Antonyms: luxurious

arduous

Adjective

Example: “It was an arduous journey.”

Synonyms: difficult, demanding

Antonyms: easy

wholly

Adverb

C1Adverb

Example: “I wholly agree with you.”

Synonyms: completely, entirely

Antonyms: partly

opaque

Adjective

Example: “The process is opaque to users.”

Synonyms: unclear, not transparent

Antonyms: transparent

myriad

Adjective

Example: “There are myriad ways to learn English.”

Synonyms: countless, many

Antonyms: few

jargon

Noun

Example: “The report uses too much jargon.”

Synonyms: technical language, terminology

Antonyms: plain language

induce

Verb

Example: “Stress can induce headaches.”

Synonyms: cause, trigger

Antonyms: prevent

extant

Adjective

Example: “This is the oldest extant manuscript.”

Synonyms: existing, surviving

Antonyms: lost

corpus

Noun

Example: “We trained the model on a large corpus.”

Synonyms: collection, dataset

Antonyms: single text

arcane

Adjective

Example: “The document uses arcane legal language.”

Synonyms: mysterious, obscure

Antonyms: clear

adhere

Verb

Example: “Employees must adhere to the rules.”

Synonyms: follow, obey

Antonyms: violate

utter

Adjective

Example: “The project was an utter failure.”

Synonyms: complete, total

Antonyms: partial

qualm

Noun

Example: “She had no qualm about refusing.”

Synonyms: doubt, hesitation

Antonyms: certainty

prone

Adjective

Example: “He is prone to mistakes.”

Synonyms: likely, inclined

Antonyms: unlikely

bogus

Adjective

Example: “The website gave bogus information.”

Synonyms: fake, false

Antonyms: real

angst

Noun

Example: “Teenagers often feel social angst.”

Synonyms: anxiety, worry

Antonyms: calm

injustice

Noun

Example: “They protested against injustice.”

Synonyms: unfairness

Antonyms: justice

inclusive

Adjective

Example: “The school has an inclusive policy.”

Synonyms: welcoming, open to all

Antonyms: exclusive

inclusion

Noun

Example: “Inclusion is important in education.”

Synonyms: involvement, participation

Antonyms: exclusion

eccentric

Adjective

Example: “He has an eccentric style.”

Synonyms: unusual, strange

Antonyms: ordinary

integral

Adjective

Example: “Trust is an integral part of teamwork.”

Synonyms: essential, necessary

Antonyms: optional

innovate

Verb

Example: “Companies must innovate to grow.”

Synonyms: create, improve

Antonyms: copy

alienate

Verb

Example: “Bad communication can alienate customers.”

Synonyms: isolate, distance

Antonyms: include

vicious

Adjective

Example: “It was a vicious attack.”

Synonyms: cruel, violent

Antonyms: kind

verdict

Noun

Example: “The court announced the verdict.”

Synonyms: judgment, decision

Antonyms: appeal

rapport

Noun

Example: “The teacher built rapport with the students.”

Synonyms: connection, trust

Antonyms: distance

provoke

Verb

Example: “His words may provoke anger.”

Synonyms: trigger, cause

Antonyms: calm

premise

Noun

Example: “The argument is based on a false premise.”

Synonyms: assumption, basis

Antonyms: conclusion

exploit

Verb

Example: “Some companies exploit cheap labor.”

Synonyms: use unfairly, take advantage of

Antonyms: protect

trauma

Noun

Example: “The accident caused emotional trauma.”

Synonyms: shock, injury

Antonyms: healing

render

Verb

Example: “The error can render the software useless.”

Synonyms: make, produce

Antonyms: preserve

exert

Verb

Example: “The manager can exert influence on the team.”

Synonyms: apply, use

Antonyms: withdraw

legislation

Noun